Mūsā ﷺ is the most mentioned prophet in the Quran. He was born in Egypt when Pharaoh (Fir'awn) had decreed that all newborn Israelite boys be killed. By Allah's instruction, his mother placed him in a basket on the Nile — he was found and raised in the very palace of Pharaoh, as a test of destiny.
After accidentally killing an Egyptian, he fled to Madyan where he married the daughter of Shu'ayb ﷺ and spent years tending sheep. On his return, near Mount Sinai (Ṭūr), he saw a burning bush. Allah spoke to him directly — "I am Allah, there is no god but Me" — and commanded him to go to Pharaoh. He was given the miraculous staff and a glowing hand as signs.
With his brother Hārūn ﷺ, he confronted Pharaoh, performed nine great miracles, and ultimately led the Israelites out of Egypt. When Pharaoh pursued them, Allah parted the Red Sea. The Israelites crossed safely — Pharaoh and his army drowned. On Mount Sinai, Mūsā ﷺ received the Tawrāh (Torah) — the divine scripture for the Children of Israel.